This image of a brachiopod larva was selected in the Nikon Small World 2021 photomicrography competition!

This image of a brachiopod larva was selected in the Nikon Small World 2021 photomicrography competition!
A mitotic wave traveling through an early #Drosophila #embryo #FlyFriday
The embryos I study rarely develop in perfect synchrony. That means that when I film them under the microscope some embryos will be younger—or older—than others.
For this reason, I often need to synchronize the recordings to make sure they all begin at the same embryonic stage. When the movies are synchronized I can combine them side-by-side, and it becomes much easier to compare and spot differences between two embryos.
Combining movies in Fiji/ImageJ is straightforward using the Combine...
command. But synchronizing is way harder. It depends on human classification and involves some calculations and stack juggling that can (and will) become tedious.
To help me out, I wrote a small ImageJ macro available here: SyncAndCombineStacks.ijm. Follow below to see how it works.
That’s what unsynchronized movies look like. I combined them fresh off the microscope without any synchronization:
Here are the same two movies now synchronized by the embryonic stage:
The macro performs the hard work. It calculates how many frames to trim from each stack. Then it duplicates the selected range of frames common to both stacks. Finally, it combines the synchronized recordings into a single image stack. All you need to do is to select the corresponding frames between the two stacks.
Here are the instructions step-by-step:
I’ve also recorded a small screencast:
Note! The macro does not touch the original stacks, but it outputs an RGB Color stack. There are a couple of reasons for that. Converting to RGB avoids contrast issues when the stacks have different pixel intensities. It also prevents quirks in video players that can’t handle 16-bit movies. But if you need to perform image analyses on the final stack, remove this option. I may add a checkbox for that in the future.
This is a bryozoan embryo exhibiting its blastopore. These animals are discreet but ubiquitous in oceans and lakes all over the world.
What we see is the DNA inside the nucleus of the cells of the embryo. The color gradient indicates if the nuclei are closer (yellow) or further away (purple) from the microscope camera.
The embryonic cells are arranged in a circle and form a central opening that we call the blastopore. This opening, in bryozoans, will become the mouth of the animal after the embryo develops.
You can follow the process on video or learn more details in the paper.
What about our mouth, where does it come from?
A chubby ribbon worm juvenile #Nemertean #WormWednesday
A short video that I made about the embryonic development of the likeable Drosophila, also known as fruit fly or vinegar fly, won an honorable mention in the Small World in Motion.
The details on the techniques I used and the video on its full resolution are available for download and re-use on the Wikimedia Commons.
Here is how a typical session of imaging embryos under Lightsheet Microscopy goes. A glimpse into my day-to-day work :)
Assemble the incubation chamber:
Collect and mount the embryos:
Acquire a short timelapse from multiple angles:
Transfer (lots of) data for image processing ;)
The pelagosphera larva of #Sipuncula. Photo by Alvaro Migotto via @cifonauta http://cifonauta.cebimar.usp.br/photo/10874/